OSPF

OSPF (OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST)

1:OPEN STANDARD PROTOCOL
2:USES SPF(SHORTEST PATH FIRST) MECHANISM FOR ROUTING (DIJKSTRA ALGORITHM)
3:AD=110
4:USES COST METRIC
5:LINK STATE PROTOCOL (LINK COUNT)
(TRUE LINK STATE PROTOCOL)
COST=10^8/BANDWIDTH

6:USES TRIGGRED UPDATE
7:CONVERGENCE IS FAST BUT NOT FAST AS EIGRP
8:VLSM SUPPORTED
9:USES AREA'S
DIVIDE A LARGE INTERNETWORK INTO SMALLER AREA'S

DR=DESIGNATED ROUTER (HIGHEST IP)

BDR=BACKUP DESIGNATED ROUTER (SECOND HIGHEST IP)

ABR=AREA BORDER ROUTER

ASBR=AUTONOMOUS SYSTEM BORDER ROUTER

LSA (LINK STATE ADVERTISEMENT)

TOPOLOGY TABLE
ROUTING TABLE

SUCCESOR
PREDECESSOR

SINGLE AREA 0

EIGRP

ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL

CISCO
BALANCED HYBRID PROTOCOL
(DISTANCE VECTOR+LINK STATE)

COMPOSITE METRIC
COST
BANDWIDTH
RELIABILITY
LOAD
DELAY

LOAD BALANCING
255 HOP
MULTPLE PROTCOL SUPPORTED
IP,IPX,APPLE-TALK
SEPARATE  ROUTING TABLE IS DESIGN FOR IP,IPX,APPLE-TALK

USES BACKUP ROUTE DETERMINATION
USES RTP PROTOCOL FOR RELIABLITY

RELIABLE TRANSPORT PROTOCOL(RTP)
1: CREATING A LIST OF NEIGHBORS
2:SENDING MULTICAST PACKET
3:CREATING LIST OF NEIGHBOR THAT HAVE REPLIED
4:ADDED TO THE ROUTING TABLE
5:CREATING LIST OF NEIGHBOR THAT HAVE NOT REPLIED YET
6:SENDING THE UNICAST PACKET ONE BY ONE
7:IF REPLIED ,ADDED TO ROUTING TABLE
8:IF NOT REPLIED AFTER 16 TH UNICAST ,
8:DECLARED DEAD

NEIGHBOR DISCOVERY
    1: AS NO MATCH
    2: SIMILAR METRIC VALUES
      
  
CONVERGENCE IS VERY FAST
USES TRIGGERED  UPDATES
ALWAYS UPDATED ,NOT USE REGULAR UPDATES.
ROUTE UPADTE ONLY ON CHANGE
VLSM SUPPORTED
AD=90

IGRP

IGRP:INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTING PROTOCOL

CISCO PROPRITARY
MORE SCALABLE THAN RIP
255 =HOP COUNT LIMIT
100=DEFAULT HOP COUNT

SOHISTICATED METRIC

COMPOSITE METRIC
1 BANDWIDTH
2 HOP
3 DELAY
4 RELIABLITY

LOAD BANCING =6 PATH NON-EQUAL

DISTANCE VECTOR (DIRECTION+DISTANCE)

IGRP TIMERS

UPDATE TIMER=90 SEC.
INVALID TIMER = 3X90=270 SEC.
HOLD-DOWN=3X90+10=280SEC.
FLUSH TIMER=90X7=630SEC.

CLASSFUL ROUTING ONLY
NOT SUPPORT VLSM


AS no. = 1-65535
AD=100

Dyamic Routing

IGP: RIP,IGRP,EIGRP,OSPF

RIP: ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL

RIP : OPEN STANDARD PROTOCOL

WORK ON CISCO+NON CISCO ROUTES

RIP HAVE 2 VERSION

RIP VERSION 1
RIP VERSION 2

RIP USES HOP COUNT AS A METRIC
RIP HAVE 15 HOP LIMIT
16TH HOP IS UNREACHABLE

RIP USES TIMERS:

ROUTE UPDATE TIMER:30 SEC.
EVERY 30 SEC. ROUTER SENDS A ROUTE UPDATE PACKET TO ALL NEIGHBOR ROUTERS

RIP VERSION 1 : USES BROADCAST IN EVERY 30 SEC.
RIP VERSION 2 : USES MULTICAST  "   "   "   "
RIP VERSION 1 : IS USES CLASSFUL ROUTING

RIP VERSION 2 SUPPORT VLSM (VARIABLE LENGTH SUBNET MASK) ,SO IT USES CLASSLESS ROUTING

route Invalid timer: 180 seconds,
hold down timer    :  180 sec
flushed timer      :  240 sec

rip version2 usese multicast 224.0.0.9 address.

What is Routing

ROUTING IS THE PROCESS THAT'S TAKE A DATA PACKET FROM ONE NETWORK AND SENDED IT TO THE ANOTHER NETWORK ON DIFFENT DEVICE.

ROUTING TYPES : 2 TYPES

1: STATIC ROUTING

2: DYNAMIC ROUTING

STATIC ROUTING IS A ROUTING THAT'S IS CREATED MANUALLY BY THE NETWORK ADMINISTRATOR

DYNAMIC ROUTING IS CREATING WITH THE HELP OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS